The inpatient specialized unit takes one of the hospital units as a hospice or palliative care unit. Hospice and palliative care services are provided in various forms in China: inpatient specialized units, inpatient specialized beds, outpatient units, and home care. Experts in the association, such as physicians, nurses, and psychotherapists from different hospitals have led the implementation of hospice and palliative care services within medical facilities where there is the most urgent need for hospice and palliative care. It achieves its mission by supporting research, promoting education and training, and improving public awareness. The CRPC has been the national voice for hospice palliative care in China. In 1994, the Committee of Rehabilitation and Palliative Care of China Anti-cancer Association (CRPC) was founded. In some specialized cancer hospitals, teams composed of medical professionals began working in inpatient and outpatient services.
The beginning of hospice and palliative care as a specialty in China was carried out by experts from medical facilities and academic associations. The patients in these facilities could no longer receive life-prolonging treatment and received hospice and palliative care instead. The first hospice, named Beijing Songtang Care Hospital, was founded in 1987 in Beijing, followed by the establishment of another hospice, named Nanhui Nursing Home, in 1988 in Shanghai. The hospice concept was introduced in China in the 1980s. These estimates show the significantly increased need for hospice and palliative care. According to a report from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, the estimates of new cancer cases and cancer deaths in 2012 were 3.065 million and 2.206 million, respectively. The population group aged 65 years and older reached nearly 144 million in 2015. While the average age of people is rising, the disease spectrum is changing, and chronic diseases are increasing. In the past decade, tremendous changes have been seen in many aspects of Chinese society, such as health-care needs, the population curve, and other aspects. Moreover, it is the third largest in the world in regard to landmass, with more than 9.6 million km 2. Hospice and palliative care have been demonstrated to improve quality of life, reduce costs, and shorten hospital stays.Ĭhina is a large country with a population of approximately 1.38 billion in 2016. Thus, palliative care can be applied during the whole disease process while hospice is considered one form of palliative care applied at the end of life. Palliative care is a caring approach through prevention, assessment, and treatment of pain and other physical, psychological, or spiritual problems, which improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing life-threatening illness. The goal of the care is to help people who are dying die in peace, comfort, and dignity. Hospice care is end-of-life care provided by health professionals and volunteers who give medical, psychological, and spiritual support to dying patients and their families. This article presents a review of the context of care, the progress China has made during the past decades, and the challenges that will be confronted in the future. The aging population and the increasing number of patients with cancer in China have led to the increasing need for hospice and palliative care service.
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